Twitter Is Banning Ads From Russian Media Outlets RT And Sputnik Because Of Election Meddling

Twitter

All advertising from RT and Sputnik will be banned on Twitter, the company announced Thursday, due to the US intelligence assessment that the state-owned Russian media outlets attempted to interfere in the 2016 presidential election.

The decision to “off-board” all advertising from RT and Sputnik accounts is effective immediately, Twitter announced in a blog post.

“We did not come to this decision lightly, and are taking this step now as part of our ongoing commitment to help protect the integrity of the user experience on Twitter,” the company said.

A representative for Russia's foreign ministry called the decision “an aggressive step.”

“Any infringement on activities of [Russian] media are evidence of US violation of rules that guarantee freedom of speech,” the ministry later tweeted.

Twitter pointed to a January report from the Office of the Director of National Intelligence which assessed “with high confidence” that President Vladimir Putin personally ordered a campaign to “undermine public faith in the US democratic process, denigrate Secretary [Hillary] Clinton, and harm her electability and potential presidency.”

The same report said the English-language RT and Sputnik were part of a “propaganda machine” that attempted to the influence campaign “by serving as a platform for Kremlin messaging to Russian and international audiences.”

“RT and Sputnik…consistently cast President-elect Trump as the target of unfair coverage from traditional US media outlets that they claimed were subservient to a corrupt political establishment,” the report read.

Putin speaking at an RT event in 2015.

Mikhail Klimentyev / AP

Citing the DNI report, as well as an internal investigation, the social media company said the Russian interference “is not something we want on Twitter.”

RT and Sputnik will still be permitted to remain Twitter users, but Thursday's decision means they won't be able to target posts or content at specific users.

Asked why they did not suspend the two outlets' accounts, a Twitter spokesperson told BuzzFeed News the company has “a number of higher standards for advertisers than we do for organic content.”

Twitter said they would spend the $1.9 million in advertising revenue earned from RT and spend it on “external research into the use of Twitter in civic engagement and elections, including use of malicious automation and misinformation, with an initial focus on elections and automation.”

Established in 2005, RT (formerly known as Russia Today) is a 24-hour news network which is, according to the company, now available in more than 100 countries. ” RT covers stories overlooked by the mainstream media, provides alternative perspectives on current affairs, and acquaints international audiences with a Russian viewpoint on major global events,” the company says. Sputnik has an online and radio focus.

The DNI described RT as “the Kremlin’s principal international propaganda outlet” and said the company was routinely in contact with WikiLeaks, which played its own major role in the US election by releasing Clinton campaign emails.

“Russia used trolls as well as RT as part of its influence efforts to denigrate Secretary Clinton,” the DNI said. “This effort amplified stories on scandals about Secretary Clinton and the role of WikiLeaks in the election campaign.”

RT editor-in-chief Margarita Simonyan used Twitter on Thursday to to accused CEO Jack Dorsey of urging the company to spend money on the election.

Asked for comment, an RT spokesperson pointed BuzzFeed News to an article alleging that Twitter pushed RT “for a large ad buy” for the election.

“RT has never been involved in any illegal activity online, and that it never pursued an agenda of influencing the US election through any platforms, including Twitter,” the company said.

Russian lawmaker Andrei Svintsov, deputy chairman of a state IT committee, told RT he suspected Twitter would try to further restrict Russians.

“This is the first step, and they will further restrict their accounts, and block them in every way,” he said. “This is the continuation of the politics that American business, under pressure from the authorities, are exercising against the Russian media.”

Ads on Twitter show up on people’s feeds as promoted tweets that may or may not also be tweeted from the promoted account. It is unclear which which of the @RT_com account’s tweets may have been boosted. But a look at @RT_com’s account can help understand what kind of RT content may have been popular during the election.

A BuzzFeed analysis of @RT_com tweets from April 1, 2016 to Nov. 8, 2016 shows that seven of @RT_com’s top 20 most-favorited tweets were about Clinton, linking her to organizations that also fund ISIS as well as to the Saudi Arabian and Qatari governments. The majority of these tweets were published just days before election day and featured information from an interview with Julian Assange.

Twitter has been under intense political scrutiny since the revelation last month that it discovered around 200 accounts linked to Russian-groups that purchased roughly $100,000 of ads on Facebook to sway Americans and create divisions during the election.

The company announced on Tuesday it was ending its practice of “dark ads” or promoted posts that can only be seen by the people advertisers pay to target.

Jane Lytvynenko contributed to this report.

Quelle: <a href="Twitter Is Banning Ads From Russian Media Outlets RT And Sputnik Because Of Election Meddling“>BuzzFeed

Two Senators Just Requested An Investigation Into Whitefish Energy's $300 Million Puerto Rico Contract

Charlie Warzel

Democratic Senators Maria Cantwell and Ron Wyden are formally requesting the Government Accountability Office investigate the “use of public money to reimburse work completed by Whitefish Energy,” the two person company that was recently awarded a $300 million contract to restore power in Puerto Rico, according to a letter obtained by BuzzFeed News.

The letter urges the office to look into multiple concerns, including “the potentially inflated costs of time and material in the contract relative to comparable” agreements, “the opaque and limited nature of PREPA's [Puerto Rico Electric Power Authority] bidding process that led to the contract” as well as “the contemporaneous communications between Whitefish and senior members of the federal executive branch, including Secretary of the Interior Ryan Zinke.”

The letter also asks the GAO to examine “whether it was wise of PREPA not to activate mutual aid assistance from mainland utilities” and requests that the GAO coordinate with the Puerto Rico Energy Commission in any review it undertakes.”

This is a developing story. Check back for updates and follow BuzzFeed News on Twitter.

Quelle: <a href="Two Senators Just Requested An Investigation Into Whitefish Energy's 0 Million Puerto Rico Contract“>BuzzFeed

How To Use The New Instagram "Superzoom"

How To Use The New Instagram "Superzoom"

*dramatic sounds* Dun dun DUN.

Hello, citizen of the internet. Surely you are familiar with the “dramatic chipmunk” meme, the peak of online humor of 2007:

Hello, citizen of the internet. Surely you are familiar with the "dramatic chipmunk" meme, the peak of online humor of 2007:

giphy.com

It’s a chipmunk (actually, a prairie dog, but let’s not split fur) that turns to the camera, with a quick zoom in, and very dramatic music. Here’s the version with music:

Honestly, I can't believe I'm describing this. C'mon you KNOW this. It was huge. HUGE! Anyway, I digress.

youtube.com

SOOP…..

SOOP.....

Instagram

PER…

PER...

Instagram

ZOOM!!!!

ZOOM!!!!

Instagram

Instagram is also adding some Halloween-themed stickers into Stories (hit the little smiley face in the top right corner to access them!)

Instagram is also adding some Halloween-themed stickers into Stories (hit the little smiley face in the top right corner to access them!)

Instagram

Quelle: <a href="How To Use The New Instagram "Superzoom"“>BuzzFeed

Reddit Is Banning Nazi And Alt-Right Groups As Part Of A Hate-Speech Crackdown

r/Nazi subreddit

Reddit is purging Nazi, white supremacist, and other hate-based groups from its site as part of a new policy change announced Wednesday that targets and bans certain violent material.

The popular discussion site, which has struggled with how to monitor and remove vitriolic and offensive content in the past, said in a statement it decided to retool certain rules and regulations that were “too vague” and ban material that “encourages, glorifies, incites, or calls for violence or physical harm against an individual or a group of people.”

“We did this to alleviate user and moderator confusion about allowable content on the site. We also are making this update so that Reddit’s content policy better reflects our values as a company,” Reddit told its nearly 542 million monthly users. “In particular, we found that the policy regarding 'inciting' violence was too vague, and so we have made an effort to adjust it to be more clear and comprehensive.”

Here's the rest of the statement:

Going forward, we will take action against any content that encourages, glorifies, incites, or calls for violence or physical harm against an individual or a group of people; likewise, we will also take action against content that glorifies or encourages the abuse of animals. This applies to ALL content on Reddit, including memes, CSS/community styling, flair, subreddit names, and usernames.

We understand that enforcing this policy may often require subjective judgment, so all of the usual caveats apply with regard to content that is newsworthy, artistic, educational, satirical, etc, as mentioned in the policy. Context is key. The policy is posted in the help center here.

After the changes were published, users quickly pointed out that at least ten subreddits pertaining to the alt-right and Nazism had been removed. Others, like r/racoonsareniggers and r/whitesarecriminals, were also deleted.

Reddit

In a discussion with administrators, some users expressed confusion about the updated policy, and pushed moderators on why certain groups were removed and not others, such as the subreddit titled “watch people die” and comments in r”/latestagecapitalism or r/fullcommunism calling for sending a certain kind of people to a gulag or death.”

Reddit

Reddit administrator landoflobsters noted that many posts are borderline violent or hateful, and that “context is key.” Hunting and BDSM communities, as well as news about violence and death, will “not be impacted by this policy,” Reddit said.

When asked why the site, which gets 8 billion page views per month, decided to introduce this new policy now, a spokesperson told BuzzFeed News that “we strive to be a welcoming, open platform for all by trusting our users to maintain an environment that cultivates genuine conversation” and referred back to the company's original statement.

Policing and banning content is a controversial move for Reddit, which was created in 2005 as a platform for people to openly discuss and share whatever they wanted to without interference from site moderators. However, as its popularity exploded, so did subreddits that spewed violent, anti-Semitic, racist, and incendiary content.

Before he resigned in 2014, former Reddit CEO Yishan Wong vowed not to “ban questionable subreddits. You choose what to post. You choose what to read. You choose what kind of subreddit to create.”

But shortly after Ellen Pao took over, the company cracked down on its toxic material and added new rules that would remove or quarantine rooms deemed too inappropriate for the average user. During her tenure, the company was embroiled in controversy over free speech and the firing of one of its most popular employees. Pao, who was attacked, harassed, and threatened by users, left the company after just eight months.

Post that comes up when you try and enter the subreddit, animalgore.

r/animalgore

As to why Reddit again increased its efforts to patrol its content after hate-speech on the site dropped more than 80% after the 2015 regulations. Steve Huffman, one of the site's original founders and current CEO, will be answering questions about the move on the site's announcements board next week.

LINK: Reddit Is A Shrine To The Internet We Wanted And That’s A Problem

LINK: New Reddit CEO Denies Ellen Pao Was Used As A Scapegoat

Quelle: <a href="Reddit Is Banning Nazi And Alt-Right Groups As Part Of A Hate-Speech Crackdown“>BuzzFeed

Patreon Updated Its Rules On Adult Content, And NSFW Content Creators Are Worried

After the crowdfunding platform Patreon announced changes to its rules about adult content on its site, creators are airing their frustrations and concerns in an open letter that’s already collected more than 800 signatures.

Patreon updated its Terms of Service last week, explicitly prohibiting the sale of pornographic material or sexual services, and telling creators, “You can’t use Patreon to raise funds in order to produce pornographic material such as maintaining a website, funding the production of movies, or providing a private webcam session.”

In an email to adult content creators sent Wednesday afternoon, Patreon CEO Jack Conte said that the new language simply clarified its existing policy on pornography. “We did update four (and only four) areas of our actual content policy: incest, bestiality, sexual depiction of minors, and suggestive sexual violence. If you're just reading the headlines, you’ll be under the impression that we’re ‘cracking down on adult content.’ Again, this is not what’s actually happening,” he wrote.

But some content creators say the move is a crackdown on creators who offer patrons access to content like erotic films, nude photos, private Snapchat feeds, and video chat sessions in exchange for monthly fees.

Patreon has a reputation for having long been a digital haven of sorts for creative types who operate in the gray area between sex work and artistic production. As the open letter points out, Patreon pushed back when payment processors like PayPal tried to ban adult content creators on the platform from using their services. For these reasons and others, adult content creators believed the platform was supportive of their work.

Patreon has experienced enormous growth from 2016 to 2017, doubling the number of patrons and creators on the site, according to a May press release. Last month, the site raised $60 million in a Series C funding round, landing it a valuation of $450 million. But that rapid expansion hasn’t been without controversy. Some of Patreon’s most popular creators are products of the current political moment (think dirtbag leftist podcast Chapo Trap House), and the site has banned creators on both the right and the left for violating its terms (in the former case, for seeking funds for a project that could lead to loss of life, in the latter case, for doxxing and publishing instructions on how to sabotage a railroad.) Like other tech platforms, Patreon has struggled to clearly delineate how it made those decisions.

Now, it seems the company is having a similar problem communicating its policies around what counts as pornography, and what doesn’t, causing frustration and financial concerns for some of its 50,000 creators.

“My personal belief is that online content policy is in its infancy right now – most of tech doesn’t do content policy well,” Conte wrote in his email to creators. “In fact, I think tech on the whole under-invests in content policy.”

The creators who composed the open letter to Patreon had emphasized that communication around these issues has been poor. “We’re deeply disappointed in your handling of clarity with regards to adult content on your platform, and the mixed messages we have been receiving,” the open letter reads. “Not only that, the most vulnerable among us – disproportionately queer, trans, disabled, people of color and those whose first language is not English – are literally scared for our lives.”

The letter goes on to say that adult content creators “have been courted by [Patreon], worked closely with [Patreon] on promotion, creation, and even website features,” and as a result are confused about why the terms are changing.

Patreon CEO Jack Conte first acknowledged the letter with a tweet on Tuesday evening.

And in his email to creators on Wednesday, he said the perception that its policies on adult content are changing is inaccurate. “Patreon’s stance on pornography has not changed,” he wrote. “We have never allowed pornography or sexual services on Patreon and that stance has been clear in our guidelines since they were first published a few years ago.”

But currently on Patreon, there are plenty of NSFW creators who offer “risque photos”, “erotic films”, one-on-one video chats, access to private Snapchat feeds, and even clothing that they’ve worn while working out. Creators who rely on Patreon for some or all of their income say the problem comes down to the fact that Patreon gets to define the difference between what is erotic art, and what is porn, which means that erotic or adult content that appears more “artsy” is more likely to survive on the platform, whereas content that is more explicitly pornographic will not.

In his email, Conte said he realizes “that “pornography” is difficult to define, and 'you know it when you see it' is a totally inadequate policy. So we’ve added additional detail to the pornography section of our content policy, and the team will be spending even more time clarifying our guidelines in the future. As of this morning, the guidelines state that we don’t allow “real people engaging in sexual acts, such as masturbation or sexual intercourse on camera.”

So far, Patreon hasn’t removed any creators’ pages based on these new rules. In his email, Conte said he “won’t pull the rug out from a creator’s income, even in the case of a policy violation.”

“The team actually built a new system, a suspension tool, over the last few weeks, to avoid sudden removals,” he said. “Suspension may still seem harsh – I totally understand that perspective – but in the case of a policy violation, it gives the creator a chance to talk with a team member and get their page back up and running.”

But creators who spoke with BuzzFeed News said they worried that Patreon would decide their content was pornography rather than art, and ask them to either change their business model or leave the platform.

Erika Lynae, a Patreon creator who makes sex ed films and reviews sex toys, said the ability of artists like Four Chambers, an erotic film collective that joined Patreon more than three years ago, to make nearly $27,000 per video via Patreon made it seem like Patreon was okay with adult content.

“It seemed like porn (both funding it through the site and offering it was a patron reward) was perfectly fine as long as it wasn't explicitly called porn and it was marked as NSFW. They've always seemed very supportive of adult creators earning money through their site,” she said. So this is definitely a change, not a clarification, because it doesn't mesh with what their policy has actually been in practice thus far.”

This support for adult creators was what convinced Patreon creator River Lovett to quit cam girling on MyFreeCams.com and move her business over to Patreon. In the five months since she joined Patreon, Lovett has acquired 110 Patrons, most of whom pledge nine or more dollars per month.

“As of right now my only income is through Patreon,” Lovett told BuzzFeed News via a direct message on Twitter. “Adult workers such as myself came to Patreon because it was the only payment platform that did not discriminate against sex workers. It is very hard to fund adult content and art independently because most major payment processors refuse to work with adult workers, forcing them to sell through third party companies who take 50-60% of our profits.”

For now, while she builds her adult film brand, Lovett is living off her savings. ”I was hopeful that in a few months I would be making enough to make films full-time and start a career, but it's getting more difficult for me due to the fear of being banned from Patreon,” she said.

The open letter to Patreon has only two specific demands: that Patreon promise to protect the incomes of creators who aren’t doing anything illegal, and that it “end the system of arbitrarily judging what is and isn’t acceptable expression.”

Liara Roux is one of the NSFW creators who helped draft and circulate the letter. She said her concern is less for herself, and more for other creators of adult content, whose pages are more explicit about offering porn, or who don’t have other ways of making a living. (Roux’s Twitter account was deactivated not long after the open letter to Patreon began circulating.)

“I had a dedicated fanbase before [P]atreon,” Roux wrote via email. “I previously worked in tech and can make a paysite myself. They've already encouraged me to make my own paysite. I chose to work with [P]atreon because I believed in [P]atreon. That's what makes this so disappointing.”

Quelle: <a href="Patreon Updated Its Rules On Adult Content, And NSFW Content Creators Are Worried“>BuzzFeed

Amazon's New Service Lets Delivery People Open Your Front Door To Drop Packages Inside

Amazon

Amazon is launching a a brand new service called Amazon Key that will let its couriers open your front door and drop your packages right inside when you’re away from the house.

And if you’re worried about letting a stranger inside your house, Amazon will let you watch the delivery live — or later — on your phone using a brand new internet-connected security camera called the Amazon Cloud Cam.

The service is available only to Prime members in 37 cities across the United States. This is how it works: For $250, Amazon will sell you the camera and a smart lock for your door (or just the camera for $120 if you already own a compatible smart lock). One you set the system up — or get an Amazon service person to hook it up for you for free — you’ll get an in-home delivery option each time you order something from Amazon.

youtube.com

When your package arrives, the Amazon courier scans a barcode on it. If the barcode checks out, a Cloud Cam automatically starts recording and sends a notification to the courier’s phone that they can swipe to unlock your door and drop the package inside. You’ll get notifications each step of the way.

If letting a stranger inside your house makes you uncomfortable, you don’t have to. You can simply buy the camera and use it to check in on your house — or speak to someone there using the Cloud Cam app and the device’s built-in microphone — when you aren’t around.

Prime customers can pre-order a Cloud Cam starting today, and will be able to get packages delivered inside their doors from November 8.

Quelle: <a href="Amazon's New Service Lets Delivery People Open Your Front Door To Drop Packages Inside“>BuzzFeed

New Data Shows Mark Zuckerberg's US Tour Isn't Helping His Image

Mark Zuckerberg

For the past 10 months, Mark Zuckerberg has crisscrossed America. His 30-state trip has been both a charm offensive and a focus group, a chance to step out of his bubble in Silicon Valley and see how different communities use Facebook. He’s toured a train yard in Nebraska, chatted with “folks” in Texas, fished in Alaska, and fed a calf in Wisconsin, all while sharing finely crafted updates with his 97 million Facebook followers.

The campaign-style tour has generated speculation Zuckerberg might run for president in 2020 (he told BuzzFeed News he’s not planning on it). But it hasn't done much to improve the public’s perception of him, according to new data obtained by BuzzFeed News.

Zuckerberg’s Q Score, a measure of how public figures are regarded by the public, has not changed significantly since January 2016, according to Henry Schafer, executive vice president at Marketing Evaluations, Inc., which measures Q Scores.

A Q Score is a widely used likability rating for public figures that’s derived by measuring the percent of people familiar with a public figure who say that person is one of their favorite personalities. Elon Musk’s Q Score, for instance, is 24%, while Bill Cosby’s is in the single digits.

Zuckerberg’s positive Q Score increased from 14% to 16% between January 2016 and September 2017, Schafer said. Meanwhile, his negative Q Score, which is the percent of people who rate him “fair” or “poor,” increased from 22% to 23%. Zuckerberg’s Q Score rates similarly to Ashton Kutcher, Rachael Ray, Charles Barkley, and Mark Cuban, who all have positive Q Scores of 16.

“The net effects were a couple points up, but not significant overall,” Schafer told BuzzFeed News. “You need about a five-point change in either direction to be significant.”

A Facebook spokesperson declined to comment, instead pointing BuzzFeed News to Zuckerberg's post announcing the tour, where he said, “My work is about connecting the world and giving everyone a voice. I want to personally hear more of those voices this year.”

Mark Zuckerberg

Mark Zuckerberg

Mark Zuckerberg

Zuckerberg’s recent embrace of sharing candid personal details on Facebook — he’s transformed from a relatively private person to someone who regularly shares photos of his kids at home — doesn’t seem to be helping much either. In 2011, Zuckerberg’s positive Q Score was 19%, three points higher than it is today, meaning he’s actually less popular among those who know him now than he was six years ago.

Meanwhile, data from Morning Consult, a survey research technology company, shows perceptions of Facebook among Clinton voters, Trump voters, and the general public haven’t changed much, even when compared to before the 2016 election.

Facebook's favorability remains relatively unchanged over the past year, per Morning Consult.

Morning Consult

Zuckerberg’s Q Score was measured largely before the revelation that Facebook sold $100,000 in ads to a Kremlin-linked entity seeking to influence the outcome of the 2016 presidential election and sow discord in its aftermath. Facebook, which along with its fellow tech giants is lately facing a more skeptical public, could benefit if Zuckerberg were more popular. But though his tour may have provided the company other benefits, it isn't delivering a perception bump.

Zuckerberg has worked hard to become more relatable to the masses, and he’s going to need all the likability he can muster as Facebook faces an unprecedented crisis set off by the Russian ads admission. Both the Senate and House Intelligence Committees are holding open hearings next week to investigate Russia’s manipulation of its platform in an effort to undermine American democracy. Zuckerberg is not expected to attend.

Quelle: <a href="New Data Shows Mark Zuckerberg's US Tour Isn't Helping His Image“>BuzzFeed

Twitter Will End Dark Ads And Establish A "Transparency Center"

Leon Neal / Getty Images

Twitter is ending its practice of dark ads, which are promoted posts that can only be seen by the people advertisers pay to target.

In the coming weeks, Twitter will display all ads, including these promoted-only posts, in a new “Transparency Center,” the company announced Tuesday.

Twitter's move comes as the company is under intense scrutiny from Congress following the revelation that Kremlin-linked trolls used its platform in an attempt to sow discord in American politics during an after the 2016 presidential election. After meeting with Senate Intelligence Committee about the issue last month, Twitter was lambasted by Senator Mark Warner, who called the company's presentation to the committee “deeply disappointing” and inadequate in almost every way.

Last week, Sen. Warner and Senator Amy Klobuchar introduced a bill that would require social media companies to be more transparent about political advertising on their platforms. Now, Twitter is being proactive. Many tech companies prefer to introduce reforms on their own, rather wait for Congress to mandate them to change.

“We look forward to engaging with Members of Congress and other key stakeholders on these issues as the legislative process continues,” the company said in its blog post.

Immediately after Twitter announced its plans, Sen. Warner expressed approval in a tweet, calling it “a good first step.”

Twitter/ Sen. Warner

Facebook, which is also facing scrutiny from Congress over ads a Kremlin-linked entity bought on its platform in an effort to disrupt the 2016 US presidential election, had already been making moves to be more transparent about the ads it sells. Last month, said it would disclose all ads run on its platform. But Twitter did not immediately follow suit, telling BuzzFeed News it had nothing new to announce. After Facebook said it wants to “create a new standard for transparency in online political ads,” Twitter is now declaring plans for “an industry-leading transparency center.”

Twitter’s Transparency Center will detail all ads running on the platform, how long those ads have been live, the ads themselves, and more. For political ads, the Transparency Center will show all ads (past and present), how much has been spent on each ad campaign, who is paying for the ads, basic targeting details, among other information. Twitter will also introduce a new “visual political ad indicator” that shows up when a political ad is running. It said it will “include stricter requirements on who can serve these ads and limit targeting options.”

Quelle: <a href="Twitter Will End Dark Ads And Establish A "Transparency Center"“>BuzzFeed

New Charts Show What The Russian Troll @TEN_GOP Account Was Tweeting This Summer

Erin Gallagher

Throughout the spring and summer, the Kremlin-backed troll account @TEN_GOP pushed political hashtags for divisive events, including the Charlottesville “Unite The Right” rally, according to a new analysis of Twitter data.

Last week, reports emerged that @TEN_GOP, a popular Twitter account that the Tennessee Republican Party purportedly managed, was, in fact, run by the Kremlin-backed Internet Research Agency, which operated a network of propaganda-pushing troll accounts. @TEN_GOP, which had over 140,000 followers, was widely cited in the pro-Trump media sphere and even retweeted by members of the Trump campaign just before the election.

Reports show that the account tweeted Russian propaganda, as well as polarizing political content, but since Twitter suspended @TEN_GOP in August (Twitter does not comment on individual accounts for security reasons), it's difficult to get a sense of what the account was tweeting, as well as the size of its influence.

However, a hashtag analysis by multimedia artist Erin Gallagher offers a glimpse at how the troll account worked in tandem with the pro-Trump media ecosystem to help push politically divisive narratives across Twitter. Gallagher, who maps prominent political and pro-Trump hashtags, noticed @TEN_GOP had appeared prominently in some of her old charts after last week's reports linking the account to the Internet Research Agency.

Below are four charts that show how @TEN_GOP helped spread hashtags related to some of the spring and summer's most politically charged events.

A few things to note before the data:

- The charts capture only four specific hashtags from the highly active account and thus reflect a very small portion of its total body of tweets.

- The size of the nodes demonstrates the reach of a specific account in spreading a particular hashtag (the bigger the node, the more accounts it reached) and the distance between nodes is an indication of degrees of separation of the accounts (the greater the distance, the less common connections the two accounts have).

- Gallagher cautions that the charts are best read as a snapshot of a moment at the time they were analyzed, meaning any tweet in this ecosystem could go viral and change the scale of the chart.

- The charts don't take into account sentiment information, meaning that the tweets about the event could be in favor of the event, against it, or neutral.

As such, Gallagher suggests that determining the precise influence of the account on its followers is both subjective and abstract. “It definitely had influence,” she told BuzzFeed News, “but I'd say it was just one component in a big machine.”

April 15, 2017 – #Berkeley Protests

Erin Gallagher

Gallagher's chart — which captures 17,243 #Berkeley tweets between April 15 and 16 — shows that @TEN_GOP was one of the top influencers in spreading the #Berkeley hashtag last April. In this case, the #Berkeley hashtag is in reference to a pro-Trump rally at the University of California-Berkley's campus on April 15, which turned violent when fights broke out between Antifa and pro-Trump groups, as well as white supremacist groups.

April 15, 2017 – #Antifa

Erin Gallagher

During the Berkeley protests, @TEN_GOP was also tweeting the #Antifa hashtag associated with the Berkeley protests. Gallagher's chart captures 11,522 #Antifa tweets from the Berkeley protest between April 15 and 16. The data shows that, unlike #Berkeley, @TEN_GOP was not nearly as influential when pushing the #Antifa hashtag and is hard to even spot in this visualization:

ERin Gallagher

Still, a zoomed-in look shows that @TEN_GOP's tweets had slightly more connections — and thus more reach — than pro-Trump media figures Mike Cernovich, Lauren Southern, and organizations like the ProudBoysUSA.

June 2017 – #MarchAgainstSharia

Erin Gallagher

According to Gallagher's chart — which captures 13,790 tweets between June 10 and June 12 — @TEN_GOP prominently promoted the #MarchAgainstSharia that ACT for America organized, and which attracted pro-Trump and far-right extremist groups. Though @TEN_GOP did not have as much reach as pro-Trump media accounts like that of Infowars editor Paul Joseph Watson (@PrisonPlanet) or @MuslimIQ (a group tweeting in condemnation of the event), the account was still a visible presence in the greater hashtag conversation.

August 12, 2017 – #UniteTheRight

Erin Gallagher

Gallagher's final chart captures roughly 6,000 tweets from before, during, and after the Charlottesville #UniteTheRight protests on August 12, in which white nationalists clashed with counter protesters, resulting in the death of one counter protester. Of the tweets that Gallagher captured (a glitch in the data capturing tool caused it to save fewer tweets during the event), @TEN_GOP appears to have been one of many influential tweeters for the event.

Here's a closer look at @TEN_GOP's node:

Erin Gallagher

Again, it's important to note that this does not indicate @TEN_GOP was tweeting explicitly in favor of or against the white nationalists in Charlottesville. Here, for example, is one of the account's archived tweets from the rally:

Twitter

What does it all mean?

While its difficult to define @TEN_GOP's exact influence, the charts illustrate two important points:

- Regardless of the content of its tweets, the @TEN_GOP account chose to amplify politically divisive events to its legion of followers. And while it's unclear the exact motivations of the account, the charts show that @TEN_GOP increased the visibility of the events, which all contributed to a greater narrative of political unrest.

- @TEN_GOP is one part of a massive, complicated information war being waged across Twitter and the internet as a whole. Part of why the account's influence is so hard to calculate is because it is just one node in a complex and interconnected system. On its own, @TEN_GOP — like so many other automated or pro-Trump accounts — has limited reach. But in the aggregate, these many accounts play off of and amplify each other. Together, they help to create a fully fleshed narrative. In the case of these four examples, that narrative is one of political discord and instability.

Quelle: <a href="New Charts Show What The Russian Troll @TEN_GOP Account Was Tweeting This Summer“>BuzzFeed

A BJP Politician Tweeted Vijay's Private Info. Vijay Fans Doxxed Him Back. Twitter Did Nothing.

Twitter has been extremely inconsistent at enforcing doxxing bans. Here’s the latest example.

On October 22, H Raja, a BJP politician, posted a picture of South Indian superstar Vijay’s election ID card on Twitter.

On October 22, H Raja, a BJP politician, posted a picture of South Indian superstar Vijay's election ID card on Twitter.

The point: to prove that Vijay — whose full name is Joseph Vijay Chandrasekhar — is a Christian who hates PM Narendra Modi, since his character in Mersal, his latest film, is critical of the government.

Twitter: @HRajaBJP / Via Twitter: @HRajaBJP

In response, some Vijay fans posted Raja’s address and mobile and fax numbers on Twitter as an act of revenge for posting Vijay’s private information.

In response, some Vijay fans posted Raja's address and mobile and fax numbers on Twitter as an act of revenge for posting Vijay's private information.

Twitter: @RamTwitz / Via Twitter: @RamTwitz

Both tweets violate Twitter’s rules, which do not allow posting someone’s private information including national ID numbers, addresses, and personal phone numbers.

Both tweets violate Twitter’s rules, which do not allow posting someone’s private information including national ID numbers, addresses, and personal phone numbers.

Twitter

The fan's tweet exposing Raja’s private information was still up nearly 48 hours later, and since he was still tweeting, Twitter, presumably, did not restrict his account.

Raja’s tweet exposing Vijay’s election ID wasn’t visible on his Twitter timeline, which means that Twitter may have restricted it, but the tweet in question could still be accessed at the time of publication.

Twitter declined to comment on individual accounts. A Twitter spokesperson issued the following statement to BuzzFeed News: “Posting another person’s private and confidential information is a violation of the Twitter Rules.”

Twitter: @TwitterSafety / Via Twitter: @TwitterSafety

Twitter: @TwitterIndia / Via Twitter: @TwitterIndia

Angry Indians called Twitter out for the tweets.

Angry Indians called Twitter out for the tweets.

Twitter: @Roshni_Devi / Via Twitter: @Roshni_Devi

Twitter: @abhishekaggy / Via Twitter: @abhishekaggy

Twitter: @nripatunga / Via Twitter: @nripatunga

Quelle: <a href="A BJP Politician Tweeted Vijay's Private Info. Vijay Fans Doxxed Him Back. Twitter Did Nothing.“>BuzzFeed